• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Device and procedure for drying products. The present invention relates to a device and method for drying products, being also applicable to the activation of resins covering these products, with a modular system of expandable section, formed by one or more non-metallic filament infrared lamps, with fiber carbon, encapsulated in a single or twin quartz tube, whose upper part is covered with a gold reflector, and cooled with air, obtaining the maximum use of the radiant energy of rapid and convective response. The hot air generated can be recirculated by a first fan and driven to be used, where said hot air is applied against the product by means of diffusers, so that the extracted vapors are incinerated by an incineration device before the emission to the outside. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2558503A1
    申请号:ES201431002
    申请日:2014-07-04
    公开日:2016-02-04
    发明作者:Vicente Alcacer Martinez
    申请人:Das Tech Solutions SL；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    DESCRIPTION
    5 OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
    The present invention, as expressed in the statement of this specification, refers to a device and method for drying products, where the apparatus comprises a tunnel structure with one or more support modules 10 that integrate radiation emitters infrared (IR) arranged above a conveyor belt that supports the products to be dried with the emitters, products to be dried such as sheet materials, bulk products or coatings, also being applicable to the activation of resins that cover those products.
    The objective of the invention is to achieve high yields of up to 80/90% during the drying process of the products and a significant reduction in curing time above 30/40%, compared to similar processes and 200 / 300% compared to convection systems. It is also an objective of the invention to eliminate pollutant gas emissions.
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    Therefore, a technical problem to be solved is the high cost of electric energy consumed by conventional devices for drying products, achieving high energy efficiency with the apparatus of the invention, also solving the problem of emissions of gases into the atmosphere.
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    It is also a technical problem to solve the point burns that are conventionally generated in the products to be dried, so that the apparatus of the invention achieves a proportional and uniform distribution of the heat generated by the emitters avoiding said burns, thus preventing having to discard parts accomplished.
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    BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
    The application of infrared radiation, colloquially named "IR", is a heating and heating technique, widely known, and used in different fields
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    such as screen printing, vulcanization, paint drying, food heating, plastic blowing, PET type, ink drying, etc.
    Other drying is traditionally carried out by radiant tubes heated by gas burners, such as the Italian patent with publication number IT 1225094, or incandescent plates such as the US patent with publication number US 4906180, based on the elimination of surface moisture.
    It is also known a process and drying of castings, with the use of several preheating, maintenance and subsequent heating phases as is the case of the German patent with publication number 3406789 for treatments of parts coated with direct radiation paint and diffuse intensive, and a device for the elimination of moisture generated by drying, based on the use of reflectors, and air flow recovered by convection for drying, which has a complicated geometry.
    Unlike the Spanish patent, P 0236609, of the year 1957, in the invention that concerns us the temperature of the object does not adjust only with the height of a lamp with respect to the object to dry, but by a control of the regulation of the tension and thus adjust the temperature of the filament. For this, it is usual to use solid state regulators “RSS”, which adjust the phase sequence in automatic mode, with direct reference to the temperature of the object or its coating, or in manual mode with a potentiometer, or analog output.
    The means of transport commonly used for the transport of parts, slabs, plates or products in bulk can be for example a belt or conveyor belt. In the case of bulk products or light products, these can be made of teflon or silicone. For construction materials a roller, chain or mesh transport can be used, where by means of a motor-reducer, or motor-drum, driven or commanded from an electrical panel, it is responsible for adjusting the speed, allowing continuous work, of static or intermittent form. In this way, a controlled energy is irradiated on objects, also called irradiance, which will be adjusted according to the number of emitters, exposure time, height and installed power, in a direct or diffuse way.
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    Other types of emitters such as those used in the Spanish patent with application number P 200702733, also called shortwave, of the visible type, halogen, also called near infrared, which although allow a rapid response, have a great dependence on the color, and its radiation is very aggressive on thermo-deformable materials, such as belts, plastics, coatings and bands; Therefore, its use is restricted for heating or drying of surface moisture during short exposure times. Its tungsten filament is incandescent and thanks to the halogen gas, it has a high color temperature of up to 2450 K, with wavelengths between 0.7 and 2.2 microns, usually 1.2 microns. They are widely used in many sectors, although this means greater energy consumption, causing bad irradiation on broken objects, hot spots, due to the thermal gradients generated and the effect of optical absorption.
    Patent with publication No. WO 2013/182714 refers to a process and equipment for curing of thermal resins by thermal radiation for laminar construction materials to precipitate the physical phenomenon of the molecular crosslinking of the adhesive and the hardener of the plastic resin infiltrating and covering cracks, defects and irregularities in the pieces to be treated adjustable to the level of irradiance required. In a first stage a preheating of the piece is carried out by infrared rays with a certain radiation frequency between 1 and 2 microns and a temperature between 50 ° C and 60 ° C. In a second stage a resin resins or impregnation is carried out and a third curing stage with wavelengths between 2.2 and 3.5 microns.
    Unlike the mentioned patents, reflective supports of the device of the invention are made of stainless steel and cooled by a low pressure fan, necessary for the internal and thermal protection of the device of the invention, due to the high temperatures of the filament and high power density achieved
    DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
    In order to achieve the objectives and avoid the inconveniences mentioned in the previous sections, the invention proposes a device and method for drying products where the device comprises a frame that supports a conveyor belt of parts to be dried by means of integrated infrared radiation lamps. in reflectors supported by support modules adjustable in height and position
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    arranged above the upper branch of the conveyor belt that runs through a tunnel structure, in whose interior space the reflectors are located together with the infrared radiation lamps.
    Fast-response carbon fiber lamps emit infrared radiation with a wavelength between 2.2 and 2.8 microns, preferably 2.5 microns; color temperature between 700 and 800 k and a power density between 30 and 35 kw / m2.
    These lamps are arranged in parallel directions at distances equidistant from each other; where said lamps are arranged in the same longitudinal direction of the advance of the pieces to be dried by the conveyor belt.
    The reflectors, together with the lamps, are supported by the support modules by way of enveloping housings that are inside the tunnel structure.
    The hot air generated inside the tunnel structure is recirculated by means of a first fan that drives the hot air to be used and propelled against the upper and / or lower face of the pieces to be dried by means of diffusers.
    The reflectors that make up the lamps are cooled by a few second fans that introduce air from the outside to the inside of the support modules.
    The device of the invention also includes a gas incinerator that will incinerate the gases generated inside the tunnel structure, before emitting them into the atmosphere.
    The support modules are made of stainless steel, with a high-gloss reflector that counteracts oxidation against vapors or gases released from the processes.
    The lamps are encapsulated inside quartz tubes, whose upper part is covered with a gold reflector, and cooled with the air driven by the second fans.
    The process for drying products includes the following phases:
    - Activate the second fans to introduce air from the outside to the interior space
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    of the support modules where the emitters are located with the infrared radiation lamps.
    - Activate the gas incinerator until it reaches a minimum temperature of 850 ° C.
    - Activate infrared radiation lamps.
    - Insert the pieces to be dried inside the tunnel structure by means of the conveyor belt.
    - Activate the first fan to extract hot air from inside the support modules, then push it against the pieces to be dried through the diffusers.
    Carbon fiber, as a heating element, is a type of pure black material, which has the advantages of rapid heating, with small thermal hysteresis, including heating, long distance of heat radiation transfer and rapid exchange rate of hot. It has a half-life of 6,000 hours and the luminous flux is much less than that of other electric heating pipes. The efficiency of electrical conversion can reach more than 95%. It can be heated in 1 or 2 seconds, and after 5 seconds, the surface temperature can reach 300-700 ° C. Under the condition of the same power and volume, compared to other normal heating or electric ceramic pipes, it takes less time to reach the nominal temperature.
    Being the maximum working temperature <500 ° C, the life of the carbon fiber increases by 20%. And on the other hand, carbon emitters are much better absorbed by water, due to the absorption spectrum of the material.
    Unlike other types of emitters, such as resistors, or medium or long wave emitters, whose regulation is slow, with high thermal inertia of up to 4 minutes, they are only advisable in control processes with reference to the value of the air temperature , similar to that used in gas burners or radiant plates, with probes type "K", type "J" or "PT100", not controlling the temperature of the object.
    Then to facilitate a better understanding of this specification and
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    forming an integral part thereof, a series of figures are accompanied in which the object of the invention has been shown as an illustrative and non-limiting character.
    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    Figure 1.- Shows an elevation view of the device for drying products, object of the invention. The process for drying is also the subject of the invention. In this view, infrared radiation lamps are arranged in the same direction as the progress of parts to be dried by a conveyor belt.
    Figure 2.- It shows a view similar to the previous figure, where the device incorporates several support modules that support reflectors with infrared radiation lamps, unlike a single support module that incorporates the device of Figure 1. In this case, the lamps are arranged in a direction perpendicular to the advance of the conveyor belt.
    Figure 3.- Shows a plan view of two adjacent and expandable modules together of infrared radiation arranged above a conveyor belt that supports parts that receive heat from the lamps to carry out their drying.
    Figure 4.- Shows a view similar to that shown in Figure 3 where the infrared radiation lamps are arranged perpendicular to the progress of the pieces to be dried supported on the conveyor belt.
    Figure 5.- Shows a sectioned elevation view of the reflectors with their infrared radiation lamps.
    DESCRIPTION OF AN EXAMPLE OF EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION
    Considering the numbering adopted in the figures, the device for drying products comprises a frame (1) that supports a conveyor belt (2) of parts
    (3) to be dried using support modules (6) that support emitting reflectors
    (4) and infrared radiation lamps (7), said support modules (6) being arranged above the upper branch of the conveyor belt (2) that supports the
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    pieces (3) to dry. The lamps (7), apart from having the function of drying the pieces (3), have the function of activating the resins that some of these pieces (3) integrate on one of their faces.
    The conveyor belt (2) runs inside a tunnel structure (5), in whose interior space are the stainless steel support modules (6) as enveloping housings, so that within these support modules (6 ) are located the reflectors (4) that integrate the parallel lamps (7) that emit the infrared radiation, which are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the advance of the pieces (3) to be dried dragged by the conveyor belt (2) according to shown in figure 3.
    In another embodiment, the lamps (7) are arranged in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the advance of the pieces (3) to be dried by the conveyor belt (2) as shown in Figure 4 ..
    The infrared lamps (7) have a non-metallic carbon fiber filament, while they are encapsulated within single or twin quartz tubes (8), the upper part of which is covered with a gold reflector (8a), and cooled with air, obtaining the maximum use of the radiant energy of rapid and convective response.
    The generated hot air is recirculated by means of a first fan (9) and propelled to be used in the upper and / or lower face of the pieces (3) to dry by means of diffusers (10), and the extracted vapors are incinerated by means of an incinerator of gases (11) before emission abroad. The gas incinerator (11) connects with the interior space of the tunnel structure (5) through an anterior duct (12). Said first fan (9) extracts the hot air from inside the tunnel structure (5) and then drives it against the parts (3) through the diffusers (10).
    A few second supply fans (13) are provided that introduce air from the outside to the inside of the support modules (6) as a means of contracted cooling of the infrared radiation reflectors (4).
    The device of the invention is complemented by an external power source (14) to power the battery of infrared radiation lamps (7).
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    The support modules (6) are made of stainless steel, with reflector (4) in high brightness, which allows a lower attack or oxidation against vapors or gases released from the processes, being the pressure and flow of air injected the necessary to renew the volumes surrounding the cables, and the fasteners, and in turn avoid condensation on the quartz tubes themselves (8), especially on their reflectors (8a), the generated air being projected by small section holes Greater efficiency
    Each support module (6) can be constructed in steel according to the AISI 304B, 310 or 316L regulations, if necessary by regulatory compliance, or by requirement in special conditions such as food, saline environment, chemical attack, etc.
    The gas incinerator (11) reaches a temperature of the order of 870 ° C to prevent the emission of vapors or solvents abroad.
    Another technical problem not solved in the patent with publication number WO / ES2013 / 182714, is that only air renewal does not ensure the risk of explosion in flammable atmospheres. Therefore, it is a requirement of the present device of the invention that the solvent content does not exceed 25% of the lower explosion limit corresponding to 0.4% by volume of solvents in the indoor atmosphere, which can also be reduced with phases of preheating the material before the resin or painted phase.
    Our device solves it, not allowing its start, without having previously made a sweep with the second fans of impulsion and maintenance of these in progress throughout the process.
    Thanks to the gas incinerator (11) with controlled extraction and utilization by recirculation of the hot air through the diffusers (10), yields greater than 80-90% are achieved in drying processes and a curing time reduction greater than 30- 40%, compared to similar processes and 200-300% compared to convection systems, as already mentioned in previous sections.
    It is known that the medium and long wavelengths are sensitive to air currents, and an extraction of air close to the reflectors (4), losing efficiency due to the
    generated convective energy not used.
    A study of powers indicates that the power density of 20-50kw / m2 and more specifically 30-35 kw / m2, installed, allows a good regulation and a long life 5 of the lamps (7). After the tests, in one embodiment, a prototype consisting of two reflectors (4) with six lamps (7) of 2000 W each, uniformly distributed over a surface area of 0.6 x 0.6 m., Is provided. as depicted in figures 3 and 4.
    10 In the embodiment described in the previous paragraph, the distance between the emitting lamps (7) is 100 mm. and its useful length is 600 mm., deducing that the power density is 3.3w / cm2.
    With the two-minute cycle to crosslink, it assumes a maximum consumption per m2 of 15,11kwh / m2 and an estimated consumption of 70% equivalent to 0,777 kwh / m2.
    In the case of utilization in evaporation of water in drying of bulk products, such as pellets and porous materials, an average consumption of 0.8 / 1.2 kwh / kg of water is obtained.
    The device of the invention has the advantages of homogenous drying, little aggressive for sensitive materials, possibility of working with conveyor belts, without hot spots, but high speed due to the wavelength of infrared radiation, not solved with others types of emitters. Likewise, the use of low volume of filling air and greater recirculation with recovered air, allows yields greater than 90%.
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    权利要求:
    Claims (8)
    [1]
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    1. - DEVICE FOR DRYING OF PRODUCTS, comprising a frame that supports a conveyor belt of parts to be dried using infrared radiation lamps integrated in reflectors supported by support modules arranged above the upper branch of the conveyor belt that runs through the interior of a tunnel structure, in whose interior space are the support modules; characterized by:
    - the carbon fiber lamps (7) emit an infrared radiation with a wavelength between 2.2 and 2.8 microns, preferably 2.5 microns; color temperature between 700 and 800 k and a power density between 30 and 35 kw / m2;
    - the lamps (7) are integrated in the reflectors (4), which are in turn supported by the support modules (6) as wrap-around housings that are inside the tunnel structure (5);
    - the hot air generated inside the tunnel structure (5) is recirculated by means of a first fan (9) that drives the hot air to be used and driven against the upper and / or lower face of the pieces (3) to be dried by diffusers (10);
    - the reflectors (4) that make up the lamps (7) are cooled by means of second fans (13) that introduce air from the outside to the inside of the support modules
    (6);
    [2]
    2. - DEVICE FOR DRYING OF PRODUCTS, according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a gas incinerator (11) that incinerates the gases generated inside the tunnel structure (5), before emitting them into the atmosphere.
    [3]
    3. - DEVICE FOR DRYING OF PRODUCTS, according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lamps (7) are arranged in parallel directions at distances equidistant from each other; where said lamps are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the advance of the pieces (3) to be dried, dragged by the conveyor belt (2);
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    [4]
    4. - DEVICE FOR DRYING OF PRODUCTS, according to any one of the preceding claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the lamps (7) are arranged in a direction perpendicular to the advance of the pieces (3) to be dried, dragged by the conveyor belt (2).
    [5]
    5. - DEVICE FOR DRYING OF PRODUCTS, according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the support modules (6) are made of stainless steel, with reflector (4) in high brightness that counteracts oxidation against vapors or gases detached from the processes.
    [6]
    6. - DEVICE FOR DRYING OF PRODUCTS, according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lamps (7) are encapsulated within quartz tubes (8), the upper part of which is covered with a reflector (8a) of gold, and cooled with the air driven by the second fans (13).
    [7]
    7. - PROCEDURE FOR DRYING OF PRODUCTS, according to the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises the following phases:
    - activate the second fans (13) to introduce air from the outside to the interior space of the support modules (6) where the emitters (4) are located with the infrared radiation lamps (7);
    - activate the infrared radiation lamps (7);
    - insert the parts (3) to be dried inside the tunnel structure through the conveyor belt (2);
    - activate the first fan (9) to extract hot air from inside the support modules (6), then push it against the parts (3) to dry through the diffusers (10);
    [8]
    8. - PROCEDURE FOR DRYING OF PRODUCTS, according to claim 7, characterized in that it comprises an additional phase consisting of activating the gas incinerator (11).
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    法律状态:
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    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ES201431002A|ES2558503B1|2014-07-04|2014-07-04|DEVICE AND PROCEDURE FOR DRYING PRODUCTS|ES201431002A| ES2558503B1|2014-07-04|2014-07-04|DEVICE AND PROCEDURE FOR DRYING PRODUCTS|
    EP14896914.0A| EP3165860A4|2014-07-04|2014-09-30|Device and method for product drying|
    PCT/ES2014/070742| WO2016001456A1|2014-07-04|2014-09-30|Device and method for product drying|
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